EU permanent residence permit – an overview of integration criteria

Those who wish to stay in Germany long-term often apply for a permanent residence permit (EU ). This residence permit not only grants the right to remain in Germany indefinitely, but also certain mobility rights within the EU. However, before this permit is granted, certain legally stipulated requirements must be met – including, in particular, the so-called integration criteria . This article explains what is important in this context.

What does integration mean in terms of residence law?

In the context of immigration law, integration primarily refers to the ability to navigate Germany linguistically and socially. The law therefore requires applicants to demonstrate certain knowledge and skills before they can be granted a permanent residence permit in the EU .

Language skills as a key requirement

A key integration criterion is proof of sufficient German language skills . Specifically, this usually requires language level B1 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages . The ability to communicate in everyday language is crucial for actively participating in social life and integrating professionally. This requirement is enshrined in law: Those who cannot demonstrate sufficient language skills are generally not entitled to a permanent residence permit in the EU.

Knowledge of the legal and social system

In addition to the language, basic knowledge of German law and society is required. These include, for example:

• Knowledge of the Basic Law and basic democratic principles

• Knowledge of the functioning of the state and the courts

• Insight into the value system of the Federal Republic of Germany

This content is usually taught as part of an integration course . Successful completion of such a course and passing the corresponding test can demonstrate the required knowledge.

No exceptions for “old cases”

For some older residence permits, the requirements were previously more relaxed, particularly with regard to language skills. However, these transitional regulations do not apply to the EU Permanent Residence Permit . This means that even people who have been legally residing in Germany for many years must meet the current requirements if they wish to apply for this special residence permit.

Scope of European law – national design

Interestingly, at the EU level, language skills and social knowledge are not mandatory requirements for acquiring permanent residence status. However, the EU's Permanent Residence Directive allows member states to introduce their own integration requirements – which is what Germany has done. The Federal Republic of Germany deliberately opted for a stricter model and largely adopted the requirements for a settlement permit (Section 9 of the Residence Act) . These regulations also apply, according to the reference, to the EU permanent residence permit (Section 9a, Paragraph 2, Sentence 2 of the Residence Act) .

Conclusion

The integration criteria for permanent residence in the EU are clearly regulated in Germany and require, above all, sufficient language skills and a basic understanding of the German legal and social system. Those who do not meet these requirements will generally not be granted a residence permit – regardless of how long they have already lived in Germany. Therefore, it is worthwhile to attend an integration course early on and provide the relevant documentation.